When is syrup released

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VTDigger regularly publishes stories about Vermont politics. Jasper Craven covers politics for VTDigger. With climate change, daily temperatures are on the rise, which affects sap flow and sugar content. By , the maple syrup season in eastern North America may be one month earlier than it was during and , according to a study published in Forest Ecology and Management.

As a sugar maple tree thaws, the frozen sap begins to move through the tree. The research team sought to test how monthly and season-long average temperatures during the tapping season, and temperature and precipitation from the preceding year, affect sap flow. Each day of the tapping season from January to May across the study regions, researchers obtained sap samples from 15 to 25 mature sugar maple trees.

They measured the volume and weight of the sap and conducted an analysis of the sap's sugar content. Daily temperature readings were also taken. With this data, the team could then look at the annual variability of the sap flow, to see how the data varied from tree to tree and from year to year. Based on historical climate data, the researchers examined how past changes in minimum and maximum temperatures affected sap flow at each of the sites.

They created a model that predicted the timing for optimal sap flow based on historical temperature data pertaining to the freeze-thaw days, actual sap collection from their fieldwork, and monthly climate. To calculate projections on how climate change will affect maple syrup production, the team used climate models based on the RCP 8.

The study found that most sap collection seasons were 45 days or fewer and that the middle of the sugar maple tapping season tended to fall in March or later for three-quarters of the sites. According to modeling projections, by the end of the century, the team found that tapping season is projected to be, on average, one month earlier.